FDI in India’s Booming Real Estate Jumps 80 Folds

It’s not Indians alone who are monitoring the real estate market here. More and more money is being pumped into India’s housing sector from abroad. And this, despite the recent downturn. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in India’s booming real estate and housing market jumped 80 times between 2005 and 2010. Figures obtained by TOI show that in 2005, FDI in real estate was a mere Rs 171 crore. That soared to Rs 13,586 crore in 2009-10. In April and May this year, Rs 737 crore in FDI was pumped into the sector.
It is no surprise that the largest number of building projects where FDI is in play are in the country’s commercial capital, Mumbai. Of the total 1,614 projects in which foreign investors have put in money since 2005, 422 were cleared by the Reserve Bank of India’s Mumbai office, followed closely by 316 in Delhi. Other big cities like Bangalore (225 projects), Hyderabad (105 projects) and Chennai (68 projects) also enjoyed considerable attention of foreign real estate developers.

Interestingly, given the booming property market across the country, FDIs are not confined to metros and big cities alone. Thus since 2005, various real estate projects have been given a green signal by RBI’s offices in Bhopal, Kanpur, Kochi, Jaipur and Panaji, amongst other places. The largest FDI in the last five years remains in the construction of a technology park at Bandra Kurla Complex in Mumbai. In this case, $372 million has been brought in through a foreign collaborator based in Mauritius.

Although the FDI has come from as many 34 countries and destinations as diverse as the Netherlands, USA, Saudi Arabia and even Sudan, data available with TOI shows that in last five years the largest number of foreign collaborators working with Indian real estate firms were based in Mauritius. Technically speaking, the Foreign Exchange Management Act or FEMA, prohibits foreign investment in real estate and construction of farm houses. However, the definition of “real estate business does not include development of townships, construction of residential or commercial premises, roads or bridges, educational institutions, recreational facilities, city and regional level infrastructure”